In the past, there is a system of wireless local loop (WLL) fixed, both analog (ultraphone) and digital (DECT). But because performance is very poor, WLL often diplesetkan become weleh-weleh. For the mobile wireless system known some, such as NMT (Nordic mobile telephone) and AMPS (advanced mobile phone system), which is also less successful in business.
But not all wireless technology underperforms. In the world of digital mobile telecommunications, for example, wireless technology, "last edition", namely CDMA (code divison multiple access) had performansinya very reliable. CDMA technology is recognized and proved far better than the GSM (global system for mobile communications), among others, in the capacity and sound quality. In fixed wireless, CDMA is developed from the "plain" like CDMAOne, until now a fairly applied successfully in Korea and China, CDMA 2000-1X is more used to keep the phone.
Attracted the success of China and Korea, PT Indosat and PT Telkom is now promoting vigorous incentive-CDMA 2000-1X. Fall of options to CDMA 2000-1X based on the reasons for the need for accelerated development. Because of geographic factors that berpulau-islands and mountainous, build telecommunications facilities other than it is not easy also not cheap. Lesson from the experience of PT Telkom, the cost of each SST (phone lines) conventional, is rolling out the copper cable, requiring approximately 800 to 1,000 U.S. dollars.
With the ARPU (average revenue per user - the average revenue from each customer) is low, the new capital return in 15 years. However, in the age of technical equipment, despite the economic age actually still long, only about four years. This is because although the equipment is still good, the manufacturer no longer makes spare parts of the model, as telecommunications technology develops very fast and factories must follow. That is why, telephone density per hundred population (teledensity) Indonesia is still low, only 3.7 phone (3.7 percent). Actually, the role of telecommunications in economic growth and smooth trading large, far larger than transportation.
Both the state-owned telecommunications operator is using the CDMA 2000-1X, among others, because the cost is much cheaper, only about 200-250 U.S. dollars per SST. In addition, the building quickly. If penggelaran cable, it takes two years, for fixed wireless only time in a matter of minutes. If the central device, switching and BTS (base transceiver station) is ready, so customers complete administrative requirements and install a new handset is purchased and programmed numbers, while it also works the phone.
As is known, Telkom target of 40 thousand SST fixed wireless phone CDMA 2000-1X until the end of 2002. Development will be conducted in three cities, namely Bangkok, Denpasar and Balikpapan. 2003, Telkom improve the development of a target of 770 thousand SST, so until 2004 will be reached 1.5 million SST development. Meanwhile, PT Indosat, with the same technology base, undertakes will build 759 thousand SST until 2010, as a consequence duopoli validity.
For PT Telkom, this is very beneficial because it will save time, which means that the cost of money (the cost of money) to be low. PT Telkom cooperating Samsung from Korea, which has been experienced in the implementation of CDMA in the country. Origin know it, the user population of this technology in the State ginseng that reached 20 millions. Officially, for the first time CDMA 2000-1X PT Telkom was launched in Bangkok, and the end of November 2002. TelkomFlexi name, work on the frequency of 800 MHz. Telkom can not use this frequency in Jakarta, Banten and West Java, because Ratelindo and Komselindo already have and operate it.
Komselindo using the 800 MHz frequency of 10 MHz in the frequency of side B 835-845 MHz and 880-890 MHz for AMPS and CDMAOne, while Ratelindo 10 MHz in a frequency band 825-835 MHz and 870-880MHz. For CDMA 2000-1X is the frequency of 800 MHz, PT Telkom only get 5 MHz allocation, between 825-830 MHz. Interesting, because it is wireless, although CDMA 2000-1X is used for fixed wireless as well as fixed telephone cable in our home, TelkomFlexi remain flexible and more flexible. In addition to desk phone, the handset will be ditenteng-tenteng and still in use throughout the range or scope of the BTS areanya it. Examples are the C-Phone is the first to operate in Surabaya.
The Telkom call this area the name Flexi Area, the area where the terminal is registered customers. If the BTS in the area, so customers can bring terminals in the range of around two kilometers, according to the BTS coverage areas, but is dependent on the contours of the earth or buildings. In practice, if taken out of the terminal area BTS, customer TelkomFlexi only be charged Rp 50 per minute, using a feature automutasi. Meanwhile, the charge, defined as the rate of fixed telephone PT Telkom, not the cellular airtime rates. Thus, the charge is relatively cheap.
In technology, TelkomFlexi can be brought to anywhere as long as there is a CDMA 2000-1X. For example, from Surabaya to Malang, but it will not lead to healthy competition with cellular operators, so antarkode area, CDMA 2000-1X roaming can not be made. This is different to the fixed telephone (PSTN, public switched telephone network) even though the charges - including long-distance calls (SLJJ) - the same, TelkomFlexi still far cheaper. Moreover, TelkomFlexi also provide prepaid services, besides the standard fare also will still be subject to additional charges again (surcharge).
Interestingly again, this TelkomFlexi provide various services, namely teleponi services (voice and fax), including various fiturnya. For example, call forwarding, barring, hold, waiting, clip (directly know the identity of customers), CLIR (Calling Line Identification Restriction), Trimitra, voice messages, the incoming message, the message should not be disturbed, and again throughout the various features of the CDMA. In addition, to be able to receive SMS (short message service), a web service, image and multimedia messages (MMS-multimedia messaging service), as well as postpaid and prepaid services, the possibility of moving the area without the BTS exit from the area code.
Once launched in Surabaya (area code 031), TelkomFlexi officially dikomersialkan began in December 2002 and as many as 25,000 SST. In the near future, with the support of Samsung, TelkomFlexi will stretch wings to Denpasar, Balikpapan and other cities in Indonesia are still difficulties in adding new numbers. The Samsung received a contract worth 14.7 million U.S. dollars to build a 40,000 SST, including 16 BTS CDMA 2000-1X to TelkomFlexi, 10 of the BTS, to Bangkok. Of this total, including 10,000 for Denpasar and Balikpapan for 5000. Project T-21 second package, PT Telkom will build 802,000 fixed wireless SST with technology-based CDMA 2000-1X.
TelkomFlexi customer must provide their own handset terminal it, which is now estimated price of around Rp 1.3 million to Rp 3 million per fruit. In addition to the terminal, customers in Surabaya also must pay the cost of the new tide set at Rp 150,000 per SST, with the new tariffs tide and the monthly fee (subscription) business segment. PT Telkom encourage customers to buy a special triband handset that can work on the frequency of 800 MHz, 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz. The old terminal owned by C-Phone subscribers in Singapore can still be used although some of the services provided by TelkomFlexi can not function in this terminal.
According to the Head of Fixed Wireless PT Telkom Alex Sinaga, was himbauan need to be submitted as PT Telkom was forced to use two frequencies for its CDMA operations, namely in the 800 MHz and 1900 MHz. Frequency used for the 800 area outside Jakarta, West Java and Banten, because in the three areas that PT Telkom get MHz frequency in 1900, due to the frequency of 800 owners are reluctant to share with PT Telkom. For the Regional Division II Jakarta, CDMA 1X, will start operating in the first quarter of 2003, with a total of 90,000 early SST. Terminal CDMA 2000-1X will be used to move the area code areanya.
Although the region Divre II also includes Jakarta Bogor, Taihape, Marton, and Serang, the terminal area are 021 numbers can not be used in other areas, such as Durban (0251). Coverage is 021, divided according to region five office areas of telecommunications (kandatel) plus some Datel Bekasi and Tangerang, along still use the area code 021. The use of outside areas mutation was charged Rp 50 per minute. But the cost is, again, still cheaper than fixed phone.
Expansion of operational CDMA 2000-1X as a fixed Cellular that can be used to move that they cellular operator, because fierce competition will occur antarkeduanya. CDMA, which is operated PT Telkom will be predictable conquer society, because, among other local Greetings, about half the rate of cellular airtime. Moreover, data from mobile operators, or about 90 percent of mobile users is never out of areanya and more use ponselnya for local calls. Competition will be more sharp and will get loud protests from the Indonesian Cellular Telephone Association (ATSI), especially if CDMA can be used antarkode area.
Perhaps, in the 1900 MHz frequency is 20 MHz available tape. The PT Telkom will get 10 MHz, while the remainder is used PT Indosat, which also operates CDMA 2000-1X, and a new operator. Previously, the frequency is 1900 C-phone operations in Singapore that use CDMA technology and PHS (personal handyphone system) in Jakarta. PHS is operated by a limited number of SST in 1000 while around Bintaro, Block F, and the President Palace. Same with the nature of CDMA 2000-1X, PHS is also fixed with Cellular mobility in the range of BTS it.
For consumers, this development will clearly benefit because a number of alternative options available. For the vendors, technology start the operation of CDMA fixed Cellular also open new business opportunities: to provide the terminal. In fact, mention of a number of new players it nimbrung rests with the newest products. Will cannibalism occurred between telecommunications operators? • ki
